Much about Mu Metal magnetic shielding was discussed previously, then what is field attenuation? It’s also called shielding factor (S), which is a ratio between the magnetic field strength outside of the magnetic shield (Ha) and the resultant field on the inside of the shield i.e. Ha/Hi (no units) or S = 20 × log(Ha/Hi) (Db).
There are many different calculation formulae according to the permeability of the materials, the material thicknesses, and the shape & size of the shields:
For a cubic shielding box:
S = 4/5 × (μ× d/a)
For a closed shielding can:
S = 4/3 × (μ × d/D)
For a long hollow shielding cylinder in a magnetic transverse field:
S = μ × d/D
In the case of multiple layer shields with air gaps provided by insulating spacers, the shielding factors of the individual shields are multiplied together resulting in excellent shielding factors.
For a double layer shield:
S= S1 × ((S2 × (2 × change in diameter /diameter))
Anyway, in most cases these formulae are approximate only.
Remarks:
μ: relative permeability
a: box side length
d: material thickness
D: shielding diameter
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